Historical Development of Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Historical Development of Nursing - Essay Example After noticing that there was limited supply for medicine, overworked medical staff and poor hygiene resulting in fatalities among the soldiers, Nightingale appealed to the British government to find a solution to this problem. The British government commissioned the designing of a mobile hospital to be shipped to the battlefields. As a result, the Renkioi Hospital was built, leading to a low death rate remarkably. This was as a result of Florence Nightingale’s efforts. During this time, she was referred to as â€Å"the lady with the lamp,† a nick name she received from her night rounds in the hospitals making sure every sick person was cared for. The Nightingale fund was formed in 1855 to fund the training of nurses. Through this fund, she set up the Nightingale training school in July 1860. As a result, by 1882many nurses from this training School had become nurses at leading hospitals (Elizabeth & Jerome, 2011). After Nightingale, nursing saw a revolution. For the fi rst time, training for careers in nursing was advertised in 1860. Nightingale came up with the concept â€Å"the body’s reparative process.† In this concept, she emphasized that the recovery of a patient greatly depends on the hygiene conditions of his or her environment. In 1952, Hildegard Peplau came put forward the interpersonal relation theory of nursing. It is also referred to as psychodynamic nursing (Elizabeth & Jerome, 2011). The theory stipulates that nursing involves the interaction of two or more people with the same goal and is an art of healing. In 1955 Virginia Henderson came up with a notion that, for someone to recover properly he or she needed the 14 basic human (Elizabeth & Jerome, 2011). They include; drinking and... This essay approves that after noticing that there was limited supply for medicine, overworked medical staff and poor hygiene resulting in fatalities among the soldiers, Nightingale appealed to the British government to find a solution to this problem. The British government commissioned the designing of a mobile hospital to be shipped to the battlefields. As a result, the Renkioi Hospital was built, leading to a low death rate remarkably. This was as a result of Florence Nightingale’s efforts. During this time, she was referred to as â€Å"the lady with the lamp,† a nick name she received from her night rounds in the hospitals making sure every sick person was cared for. This report makes a conclusion that the theory stipulates that when someone cannot fulfill his or her developmental, social, psychological, and biological needs is when he or she requires nursing care. In the same year, Imogene King put forward a theory that stipulated that nursing involved positive communication to enable the client to adapt positively to the environment. In 1972, Betty Neuman came up with the Neuman system model for the recovery of patients through stress reduction (Elizabeth & Jerome, 2011). In 1979, Roy came up with a model that was based on psychological, social, and physiological dependence or independence. In 1979, Jean Watson came up with the theory of human caring. The theory defines outcomes of nursing in a humanistic aspect.

How Can We Improve Child Care Safety in the United States Research Paper

How Can We Improve Child Care Safety in the United States - Research Paper Example As a result, children spend more time outside home rather than with their parents. Most of the child care service providers in the US operate under unlicensed and unchecked contexts where the caregivers often lack formal training in the discipline. Since these services are more convenient and less expensive for the parents, they prefer sending their children to neighborhood childcare centers. There have been many well documented cases of children getting injured while in day care centers including falls, poisoning, drowning, electric shock, and so on (Runyan and Gray et al., 1991). A large number of children attend organized group child care and a significant number of them get injuries while in the day care. Hence, the safety of children in child care has become a public health concern. After the instance of child care issues and safety concerns, several legislative efforts have been made. Although no formal federal regulations existed previously except for a few centers, regulation s and licensing procedures now exist to provide a standard for child care center and their safety. Several bodies of pediatricians and other social workers exist that work to improve the safety and standards of child care. ... egivers therefore they must be trained in order to educate and aid healthy growth of children (â€Å"Stepping Stones to Caring for Our Children†, 2013). Advocacy Efforts Several legislative efforts were made since the documentation of child care injuries and diseases in day care centers. Now child care laws and licensing regulations and standards exist. These provide specific rules and requirements for quality standards and licensing of child care centers. Each state has a different rule or procedure for child care even though most of these regulations coincide. The government of US has defined a broad set of disease and injury prevention improvements, medication requirements, and so on, as a general policy. The US government also raises child care awareness among people, aids research and publication in the field, and funds the training of child care professionals (Office of Child Care, 2013). Although the US government has been keen on financing early child care and developm ent, several public notions has inhibited the thoughtful federal government gesture. Many people believe that raising their own child is a matter between the parents and the child and therefore should involve no government intervention. Also, a public view which supports only mother care is against the federal financing of child care. Such attitudes towards government financing of child care has obstructed the consistency of federal financing. However, such values have shown a decline particularly after the increase of employed women in the US workforce (Cohen, 1996). Initially, only state governments enforced child care laws except a few federally regulated child care centers (Runyan and Gray et al., 1991). Now, the US government has its own separate Office for Child Care that provides guidelines